THE TIDE TURNS ON TWO FRONTS
The North African Campaign - In 1942, Franklin Roosevelt (US President), Winston Churchill (Prime Minister of Great Britain), and Josef Stalin (General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union’s Central Committee) worked to together to create the Allies’ Strategy. While Stalin preferred the attack on France, Franklin and Churchill chose to attack the German General Erwin Rommel in North Africa.
o During the late 1942s, the British (Led by General Bernard Montgomery) pushed the German people from Egypt to the West with a massive frontal attack.
o As Rommel retreated, the American troops (Led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower) landed in Morocco and Algeria. The German army was caught between both armies.
o On May 1943, Rommel’s Germany was finally defeated.
o During the late 1942s, the British (Led by General Bernard Montgomery) pushed the German people from Egypt to the West with a massive frontal attack.
o As Rommel retreated, the American troops (Led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower) landed in Morocco and Algeria. The German army was caught between both armies.
o On May 1943, Rommel’s Germany was finally defeated.
The Battle of Stalingrad - Meanwhile the victory of the US and Britain, the Soviet Union (Red Army) had also gained a major victory.
o In 1942, Hitler had commanded his troops to seize the oil fields on the Caucasus Mountains. This also included capturing the city of Stalingrad.
o On November 19, Soviet troops launched a counterattack. The trapped the Germans and caught their supplies.
o On February 2, 1943, the starved Germans troops surrendered to the Soviets.
The Invasion of Italy - Roosevelt and Churchill decided to attack Italy.
o On July 10, 1943, the Allied forces landed on Sicily, they captured it, together with the German troops.
o The defeat of Sicily overthrew Mussolini from power.
o Although, Germans resisted, they failed.
o On September 3, Italy surrendered.
o In 1942, Hitler had commanded his troops to seize the oil fields on the Caucasus Mountains. This also included capturing the city of Stalingrad.
o On November 19, Soviet troops launched a counterattack. The trapped the Germans and caught their supplies.
o On February 2, 1943, the starved Germans troops surrendered to the Soviets.
The Invasion of Italy - Roosevelt and Churchill decided to attack Italy.
o On July 10, 1943, the Allied forces landed on Sicily, they captured it, together with the German troops.
o The defeat of Sicily overthrew Mussolini from power.
o Although, Germans resisted, they failed.
o On September 3, Italy surrendered.
the allied home fronts
While the allies continued their fight against the Germans, their people suffered too. British and Soviet Union’s citizens had died in their own homeland. And in the United States:
o The US government had to ration their people’s supplies such as food, clothing and tires. This was for the soldiers to be able to have enough to survive in war.
The Americans started mistrusting the Japanese American, so the government decided to send those people to relocation camps in the Western part of the US. However, two-thirds of the people in the camps were Native American citizens whose parents were Japanese. Many of them volunteered to fight bravely for the United States, even though their families remained on the camps.
o The US government had to ration their people’s supplies such as food, clothing and tires. This was for the soldiers to be able to have enough to survive in war.
The Americans started mistrusting the Japanese American, so the government decided to send those people to relocation camps in the Western part of the US. However, two-thirds of the people in the camps were Native American citizens whose parents were Japanese. Many of them volunteered to fight bravely for the United States, even though their families remained on the camps.
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VICTORY IN EUROPE
The D-Day Invasion - In 1943, the Allies began to secretly built an invasion force in Great Britain, they were planning on launching an attack France, which was held by Germany.
o On May 1944, the invasion force was ready. There were thousands of ships, planes, tanks and an average of three million troops waiting for the order to attack.
o The Germans were expecting the attack, but they didn’t know were it would be happening.
o On June 6, 1944, the invasion began (this day was known as D-Day).
o The American, British, Canadian and French troops fought their way through the German forces. They took heavy losses.
o In August, finally the allies marched triumphantly into Paris.
o By September, the allies had pushed the Germans out of France and they had liberated France, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
o On May 1944, the invasion force was ready. There were thousands of ships, planes, tanks and an average of three million troops waiting for the order to attack.
o The Germans were expecting the attack, but they didn’t know were it would be happening.
o On June 6, 1944, the invasion began (this day was known as D-Day).
o The American, British, Canadian and French troops fought their way through the German forces. They took heavy losses.
o In August, finally the allies marched triumphantly into Paris.
o By September, the allies had pushed the Germans out of France and they had liberated France, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
The Battle of Bulge - At the same time, the Soviets had driven the Germans back in Eastern Europe.
o In 1944, Hitler ordered his army to do a last attack in the west, it was named, the Battle of Bulge.
o This battle struck the Allies’ troops. The allies were forced to counterattack Germany.
Germany Surrenders - By April 25, 1945, the Soviets surrounded Hitler’s headquarters. Hitler committed suicide 5 days later together with his long-time companion Eva. And Germany finally surrendered.
o In 1944, Hitler ordered his army to do a last attack in the west, it was named, the Battle of Bulge.
o This battle struck the Allies’ troops. The allies were forced to counterattack Germany.
Germany Surrenders - By April 25, 1945, the Soviets surrounded Hitler’s headquarters. Hitler committed suicide 5 days later together with his long-time companion Eva. And Germany finally surrendered.
Victory in the pacific
The Japanese in retreat - The Allies moved forward to Japan in 1943.
o The Allies armies landed on the Philippines.
o In October, there was a battle called Leyte Gulf, and the Japanese were defeated.
o The US troops faced attacks by Kamikaze (this were Japanese suicide pilots, they sank the allies’ ships by crashing their planes on them.)
o The Allies armies landed on the Philippines.
o In October, there was a battle called Leyte Gulf, and the Japanese were defeated.
o The US troops faced attacks by Kamikaze (this were Japanese suicide pilots, they sank the allies’ ships by crashing their planes on them.)
o March 1945, the Americans had won control of the island of Iwo Jima.
o And by June, the island of Okinawa.
o And by June, the island of Okinawa.
The Japanese surrender - The US military were afraid that if a Japanese Invasion were to happen it would cost half a million lives.
o In August, Truman (US President) ordered an atomic bomb to be dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
o About Ten thousand Japanese died.
o The Japanese Surrendered.
o In August, Truman (US President) ordered an atomic bomb to be dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
o About Ten thousand Japanese died.
o The Japanese Surrendered.
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Roger B., B. (2005). World history: Patterns of interaction. United States of America: McDougal Littel. Retrieved from http://www.bscsd.org/webpages/mowens/textbook.cfm?subpage=9495
Matt, W. (2000). How we won!!. Retrieved from http://hist-ww2.tripod.com/howewon.htm
Matt, W. (2000). How we won!!. Retrieved from http://hist-ww2.tripod.com/howewon.htm
